China Expands Nuclear Fusion Efforts With Massive Research Facility

Satellite images indicate China is constructing a large-scale fusion research site in Mianyang, a city known for its advanced scientific projects. The site appears to be modeled after the United States’ National Ignition Facility (NIF) but is significantly larger, raising concerns among analysts about its potential military applications.

The research center, which features multiple laser bays and a central experimental area, could be used for nuclear fusion energy development or to refine nuclear weapons designs. Experts point out that while fusion energy is promoted as a clean power source, facilities of this scale can also contribute to weapons research without violating international test bans.

Decker Eveleth, a researcher at CNA Corporation, analyzed satellite images and noted that the size and structure of the facility suggest capabilities beyond purely civilian energy projects. According to Eveleth, China’s fusion center surpasses the scale of NIF, which has been instrumental in fusion research in the U.S.

Beijing has increased funding for fusion development, now spending about $1.5 billion annually on the technology. That investment is nearly double what the U.S. allocates to similar projects. China’s fusion program has also made headlines for recent breakthroughs, including sustaining a plasma reaction at extreme temperatures for over 1,000 seconds, setting a new record.

The Pentagon has previously warned about China’s expanding nuclear capabilities. The number of operational nuclear warheads in China’s arsenal has reportedly grown past 600, a substantial increase from previous years. U.S. defense officials argue that China’s nuclear development poses an increasing strategic threat.

Despite being a signatory to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, China is able to continue advancing its nuclear research under the treaty’s allowance for non-explosive experiments. The fusion research center in Mianyang represents another step in the country’s expanding role in both energy development and military technology.